Drug | Drug Class | Advantages | Disadvantages |
Olanzapine | Antipsychotic | Low cardiotoxicity Few extrapyramidal SE |
Oral formulation only Unable to reverse effects |
Risperidone | Antipsychotic | Low cardiotoxicity Few extrapyramidal SE |
Oral formulation only Unable to reverse effects |
Lorazepam | Benzodiazepine | Good oral absorption Rapid sublingual absorption |
Respiratory depression |
Haloperidol | Antipsychotic | Rapid onset (IV/IM) | Confusion Seizures Hypotension Anticholinergic SE Extrapyrimidal SE Unable to reverse effects |
Clonazepam | Benzodiazepine | Rapid onset (IV/IM) | Respiratory depression Ataxia Confusion Amnesia Paradoxical inhibition |
Midazolam | Benzodiazepine | Rapid onset (IV/IM) | Respiratory depression Ataxia Confusion Amnesia Paradoxical inhibition Short duration |
Drug | Onset of action | Duration of action | Route of administration |
Olanzapine | 5 - 30 min | 4-24hrs | PO - wafer, tablet |
Risperidone | 10-30min | 6-10hrs | PO - tablet, liquid |
Lorazepam | 1-15min (sublingual/buccal) | 2-10 hrs | |
Haloperidol | 5-10min (IV) | PO, IV, IM | |
Clonazepam | 1-15 min (IV/IM) | 2-24 hrs | |
Midazolam | 1-15min (IV/IM) | 1-2 hrs |