Comparison of sedative and antipsychotics

Drug Drug Class Advantages Disadvantages
Olanzapine Antipsychotic Low cardiotoxicity
Few extrapyramidal SE
Oral formulation only
Unable to reverse effects
Risperidone Antipsychotic Low cardiotoxicity
Few extrapyramidal SE
Oral formulation only
Unable to reverse effects
Lorazepam Benzodiazepine Good oral absorption
Rapid sublingual absorption
Respiratory depression
Haloperidol Antipsychotic Rapid onset (IV/IM) Confusion
Seizures
Hypotension
Anticholinergic SE
Extrapyrimidal SE
Unable to reverse effects
Clonazepam Benzodiazepine Rapid onset (IV/IM) Respiratory depression
Ataxia
Confusion
Amnesia
Paradoxical inhibition
Midazolam Benzodiazepine Rapid onset (IV/IM) Respiratory depression
Ataxia
Confusion
Amnesia
Paradoxical inhibition
Short duration

 

Drug Onset of action Duration of action Route of administration
Olanzapine 5 - 30 min 4-24hrs PO - wafer, tablet
Risperidone 10-30min 6-10hrs PO - tablet, liquid
Lorazepam 1-15min (sublingual/buccal) 2-10 hrs  
Haloperidol 5-10min (IV)   PO, IV, IM
Clonazepam 1-15 min (IV/IM) 2-24 hrs  
Midazolam 1-15min (IV/IM) 1-2 hrs