Syncope/Pre-syncope - important causes

IMPORTANT CAUSES

Cardiac

• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Critical valvular lesions - e.g. aortic stenosis

Neurological

• Subarachnoid haemorrhage
• Cerebellar haemorrhage
• Stroke

Haemorrhagic

• GI bleeding
• Internal bleeding - AAA, dissecting aneurysm, ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Infection/Sepsis (see Assessment for infective foci)

Toxic/Metabolic

• Hypoglycaemia
• Drugs

OTHER CAUSES

• Carotid hypersensitivity
• Cough syncope
• Micturition syncope
• Heat syncope
• Chronic debility, musculoskeletal, rheumatological disorders
• Poor vision