METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

Metabolic alkalosis - clinical classification

Saline responsive alkalosis

• associated with Na⁺/H₂O loss - vomiting, diarrhoea

Saline resistant alkalosis

• Corticosteroid excess - steroids, Conn's sy, Cushing's sy, ACTH tumours
• exogenous alkali administration - Bicarb adminstration

Metabolic alkalosis - causes

• H⁺ loss (via GIT or renal)
• HCO^3- gain (exogenously)

• consider the effect of drugs and aldosterone excess e.g. diuretics, antacids

Metabolic alkalosis- perpetuating factors

• Hypokalaemia
• Dehydration
• Renal failure