{"id":990,"date":"2016-09-22T15:03:43","date_gmt":"2016-09-22T15:03:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/?p=990"},"modified":"2016-09-22T15:31:13","modified_gmt":"2016-09-22T15:31:13","slug":"ecg-and-electrolyte-abnormalities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/09\/22\/ecg-and-electrolyte-abnormalities\/","title":{"rendered":"The ECG and Electrolyte Abnormalities"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Femedsa.org.au%2FCoreMed%2F2016%2F09%2F22%2Fecg-and-electrolyte-abnormalities%2F&amp;count=none&amp;text=The ECG and Electrolyte Abnormalities - CoreMed\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/p><p><strong>INTRODUCTION<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Various <a href=\"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/08\/25\/electrolyte-disorders\/\">electrolyte disorders<\/a> can result in abnormalities to the resting ECG ranging to clinically significant arrhythmias<\/li>\n<li>Hyperkalaemia is the commonest abnormality that can lead to significant arrhythymias<\/li>\n<li>General factors that predict deterioration are conduction abnormalities, QT changes and frequent ectopic beats<\/li>\n<li>Treatment of <a href=\"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/07\/27\/acute-arrhythmias\/\">arrhythmias<\/a> typically follow ACLS guidelines in combination with correction of the abnormality<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Resting ECG Changes<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 624px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 64px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 36px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 41px;\"><strong>P wave<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 57px;\"><strong>PR Interval<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 59px;\"><strong>QRS duration<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 74px;\"><strong>ST segment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 134px;\"><strong>T wave<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 68px;\"><strong>QT interval<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 64px; width: 67px;\"><strong>Other<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 88px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 36px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypokalaemia\/\"><strong>\u2193K<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 41px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 57px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 59px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 74px;\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 134px;\">Flat\/ Inverted<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 68px;\">\u00a0\u2191<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 67px;\">U wave<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 36px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hyperkalaemia\/\"><strong>\u2191K<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 41px;\">+\/0<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 57px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 59px;\">\u2190\u2192<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 74px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 134px;\">Peaked<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 68px;\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 25px; width: 67px;\">Sine wave<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 88px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 36px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypercalcaemia\/\"><strong>\u2193Ca<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 41px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 57px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 59px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 74px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 134px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 68px;\">\u2191<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 67px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 88px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 36px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypercalcaemia\/\"><strong>\u2191Ca<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 41px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 57px;\">\u2190\u2192<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 59px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 74px;\">\u2191<\/p>\n<p>\u2192\u2190<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 134px;\">Abrupt upslope<\/p>\n<p>Flat\/Inverted\/Biphasic<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 68px;\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 88px; width: 67px;\">\u00a0\u2191 QRS size<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 132px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 36px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypomagnesaemia\/\"><strong>\u2193Mg<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 41px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 57px;\">\u2190\u2192<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 59px;\">\u2190\u2192<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 74px;\">\u2191<\/p>\n<p>\u2192\u2190<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 134px;\">Peaked<\/p>\n<p>Flat\/Wide\/Inverted<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 68px;\">\u2191<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 132px; width: 67px;\">U wave<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 44px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 36px;\"><strong>\u2191Mg<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 41px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 57px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 59px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 74px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 134px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 68px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 67px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 44px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 36px;\"><strong>\u2191Li<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 41px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 57px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 59px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 74px;\">Flat<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 134px;\">Flat<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 68px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 44px; width: 67px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Arrhythmias<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 467px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\"><b>Bradyarrythmias<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\"><b>Tachyarrythmias<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypokalaemia\/\"><strong>\u2193K<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\">Sinus Bradycardia<br \/>\n1<sup>o<\/sup>\/2<sup>o <\/sup>AV block<br \/>\n<sup>\u00a0<\/sup>Asystole<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\">AF<br \/>\nPAT<br \/>\nSVT<br \/>\nPACs<br \/>\nPVCs<br \/>\nVT<br \/>\nVF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hyperkalaemia\/\"><strong>\u2191K<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\">2<sup>o<\/sup>\/3<sup>o <\/sup>AV block<br \/>\nAsystole<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\">Broad complex tachycardia<\/p>\n<p>VF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypercalcaemia\/\"><strong>\u2193Ca<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\">Sinus Bradycardia<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\">Torsade de pointes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypercalcaemia\/\"><strong>\u2191Ca<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\">2<sup>o<\/sup>\/3<sup>o <\/sup>AV block<br \/>\nAsystole<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\">\u00a0SVT<br \/>\nVT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lifeinthefastlane.com\/ecg-library\/basics\/hypomagnesaemia\/\"><strong>\u2193Mg<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\">PACs<br \/>\nPVCs<br \/>\nAF<br \/>\nMAT<br \/>\nSVT<br \/>\nPVCs<br \/>\nVT<br \/>\nTorsade de Pointes<br \/>\nVF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><strong>\u2191Mg<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\">3<sup>o <\/sup>AV block<br \/>\nAsystole\u00a0(diastolic arrest)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 93px;\"><strong>\u2191Li<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 199px;\">Sinus\/Bradycardic arrest (rare)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 143px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TweetINTRODUCTION Various electrolyte disorders can result in abnormalities to the resting ECG ranging to clinically significant arrhythmias Hyperkalaemia is the commonest abnormality that can lead to significant arrhythymias General factors&#8230; <a href=\"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/09\/22\/ecg-and-electrolyte-abnormalities\/\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":991,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","filesize_raw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/990","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=990"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/990\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1001,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/990\/revisions\/1001"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}