{"id":78,"date":"2016-07-23T12:38:33","date_gmt":"2016-07-23T12:38:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/?p=78"},"modified":"2016-07-23T23:41:18","modified_gmt":"2016-07-23T23:41:18","slug":"basal-skull-fracture-pathology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/07\/23\/basal-skull-fracture-pathology\/","title":{"rendered":"Basal Skull Fracture &#8211; Pathology"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Femedsa.org.au%2FCoreMed%2F2016%2F07%2F23%2Fbasal-skull-fracture-pathology%2F&amp;count=none&amp;text=Basal Skull Fracture - Pathology - CoreMed\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Surgical Pathology<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fracture through base of skull from severe trauma results in blood or CSF tracking externally<\/li>\n<li>Diagnosis best confirmed on CT scan.\u00a0 Indirect evidence is fluid in ethmoid or mastoid air cells<\/li>\n<li>By inference dural break has occurred and potential risk of infection &gt; meningitis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Clinical features<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anterior cranial fossa<\/strong> &#8211; bilateral periorbital haematoma (&#8216;racoon eyes&#8217;), CSF rhinorrhea<\/li>\n<li><strong>Middle cranial fossa<\/strong> &#8211; mastoid haematoma (&#8216;Battle&#8217;s sign), CSF otorrhea, haemotympanum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Management<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nothing may be required in isolation<\/li>\n<li>Dural repair may be attempted in cases of recurrent infection<\/li>\n<li>Presence of increases likelihood of associated <a href=\"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/07\/23\/intracranial-bleeding-pathology\/\">intracranial bleeding<\/a> which may required treatment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Controversies<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prophylactic antibiotics have no proven benefit in preventing infection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TweetSurgical Pathology Fracture through base of skull from severe trauma results in blood or CSF tracking externally Diagnosis best confirmed on CT scan.\u00a0 Indirect evidence is fluid in ethmoid or&#8230; <a href=\"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/2016\/07\/23\/basal-skull-fracture-pathology\/\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","filesize_raw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":152,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions\/152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/emedsa.org.au\/CoreMed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}